this book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th international symposium on applied algebra, algebraic algorithms and error-correcting codes, aaecc-16, held in las vegas, nv, usa in february 2006. the 25 revised full papers presented together with 7 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 32 submissions. among the subjects addressed are block codes; algebra and codes: rings, fields, and ag codes; cryptography; sequences; decoding algorithms; and algebra: constructions in algebra, galois groups, differential algebra, and polynomials.