electroceramic materials have become increasingly important in key technologies such as computers, telecommunications, and aerospace. new applications in microscopy, solid state power conversion, and ultrasound technology, to name a few, are more recent and show great promise. the primary types of electroceramic materials include piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and ferroelectric materials, dielectric materials, electro-optic and electro-chromic materials, semiconductors, ionic conductors, and mixed conductors, magnetic materials and superconductors, and photo-electro-chemical materials.