The five thousand years long magnificent history of China has made the Chinese an intelligent people who created many great world-renowned projects. Some of them survived thousands of years of changes and still benefit us today. Karez well is an underground water conservancy project invented by ancient Chinese living in arid regions. Karez Well depicts the reasons, principles, and history of constructing the Karez wells in Xinjiang, China, and is of great local characteristics. It shows the positive changes that Karez wells have brought to the agricultural production and lives of local people in Xinjiang since its completion.