This book presents a comprehensive study regarding biodiversity, its conservation and utilization. It discusses the regulation and consumption of resources to meet human demands in different spheres varying from agriculture to wildlife and exhaustible to inexhaustible resources. The objective is to fulfill human necessities and the range of life is assessed according to the variety of the species that exist. Diversity is an essential feature of environment. But a few factors have led environmentalists into a dilemma where they are bound to allow a variety of species to grow and flourish together even at the cost of vulnerability of a few other species to preserve overall biodiversity. The economic benefits of biodiversity are well discussed in the book at local, national and international levels.