The essays collected within this text engage with the Marxist notion of a 'mode of production', the emergence of the medieval relations of production, the origins of capitalism, the dichotomy between free and unfree labour and essays in agrarian history. Together, the insightful and thought provoking texts within Theory as History demonstrate the importance of reintegrating theory within history and of bringing history back into historical materialism. Meticulously grounded in evidence, this book is essential reading for anyone interested in capitalism and Marxism.